All diagnoses

PATIENT EDUCATION · DIZZINESS & LIGHTHEADEDNESS

Dizziness and lightheadedness

Understand dizziness, possible causes, warning signs, evaluation, and treatment.

Section 2 of 6 · Possible causes

← Dizziness and lightheadedness: the short explanation
Download complete topic (PDF)

All 6 sections, including text and pictures · 10 pages

What should I do now?

Call 911

Call 911 for new or unexplained chest pressure that persists or returns, severe trouble breathing, collapse without normal recovery, or sudden face/arm weakness or trouble speaking. Do not drive yourself.

Contact your care team

Contact your care team for new or recurrent dizziness or near-fainting. Seek urgent assessment if symptoms are severe.

Keep your care plan

Sit or lie down safely during symptoms and note timing and medication changes.

SECTION 2

What can cause dizziness?

Blood pressure changes

Standing can sometimes cause blood pressure to fall. This is called orthostatic hypotension. Dehydration and certain medicines can contribute.

Heart rhythm problems

A heartbeat that is too slow, too fast, or irregular can sometimes reduce blood flow to the brain and make you feel faint.

Sinus node dysfunction: The heart’s natural pacemaker starts signals too slowly or pauses.
Heart block: Electrical signals from the upper chambers are delayed or blocked on their way to the lower chambers.

Problems with the heart’s electrical system may cause a slow pulse and lightheadedness. This is one possible cause.

Other causes

Inner-ear disorders, migraine, anemia, low blood sugar, medicines, and anxiety may contribute. Spinning with head movement can suggest an inner-ear problem, but the pattern alone does not establish the diagnosis.

Sources & further readingMayo Clinic: Dizziness and warning signsMayo Clinic: Evaluation and treatmentMayo Clinic: Blood pressure changes on standing

Updated October 2026. Educational information; your own care plan may differ. Medical illustrations are simplified examples for teaching.